تجزیه و تحلیل بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان در زنجیره تأمین پالایشگاه اصفهان با رویکرد تلفیقی مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی با اصالت

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت ، دانشکده مدیریت و نوآوری، دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و نوآوری،دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، اصفهان، ایران

3 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و نوآوری، دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، اصفهان، ایران

10.47176/smok.2025.1833

چکیده

هدف: علی‌رغم اهمیت دانش بازنشستگان در رفع پیچیدگی‌ها و چالش‌های مختلف در زنجیره تأمین پالایشگاه از جمله ریسک‌های ناشی از نوسانات قیمت نفت و بازار، عدم همکاری و هماهنگی میان اعضای زنجیره تأمین، چالش‌های نفتی همچون نشت و آتش‌سوزی و ...، در سالیان اخیر حجم قابل توجهی از دانش با بازنشسته شدن کارکنان خارج شده است. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر تجزیه و تحلیل بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان در زنجیره تأمین پالایشگاه اصفهان است.

روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش، توصیفی- علی و از نظر شیوه گردآوری داده‌ها، مطالعه غیرآزمایشی از نوع پیمایشی مقطعی است. در ابتدا 12 عامل مؤثر بر بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان بر اساس مرور پیشینه پژوهش شناسایی و به تأیید خبرگان دانشگاهی و صنعتی (پالایشگاه اصفهان) رسید. به منظور ارائه مدل مفهومی پژوهش از رویکرد مدل‌‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری استفاده شده است. در این بخش ابتدا پرسشنامه مقایسات زوجی میان عوامل اثرگذار بر بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان در زنجیره تأمین پالایشگاه اصفهان طراحی شد. سپس با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری قضاوتی و نظرخواهی از 15 نفر از خبرگان دانشگاهی و صنعتی، نحوه ارتباط میان عوامل مؤثر بر بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان شناسایی و مدل مفهومی ارائه شد. به منظور تأیید یا رد مدل مفهومی از رویکرد مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزار Smart PLS3 استفاده شده است. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس تعداد 300 پرسشنامه میان کارکنان و مدیران پالایشگاه اصفهان توزیع که از این میان تعداد 243 پرسشنامه بازگشت داده شد. روایی پرسشنامه پژوهش با استفاده از روایی همگرا (ضرایب بار عاملی و معیار AVE) و روایی واگرا (جدول فورنل- لارکر) تأیید شده است. همچنین پایایی پرسشنامه پژوهش با استفاده از معیارهای آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی مورد تأیید قرار گرفته است.

یافته‌ها: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که حمایت دولت با ضریب مسیر 495/0 و دانش و تجربه بازنشستگان با ضریب مسیر 416/0 بر حمایت مدیریت ارشد و حمایت مدیریت ارشد با ضریب مسیر 789/0 بر مشوق‌های مالی و با ضریب مسیر 854/0 بر مشوق‌های غیرمالی تأثیرگذار است. علاوه بر این نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که مشوق‌های مالی با ضریب مسیر 383/0 و مشوق‌های غیرمالی با ضریب مسیر 522/0 بر فرهنگ حفظ و ارتقاء دانش سازمانی، فرهنگ حفظ و ارتقاء دانش سازمانی با ضریب مسیر 817/0 بر استفاده از فناوری‌های پیشرفته، استفاده از فناوری‌های پیشرفته بر مطلوبیت محیط کار با ضریب مسیر 787/0، مطلوبیت محیط کار با ضریب مسیر 805/0 بر مشارکت و همکاری کارکنان و مشارکت و همکاری کارکنان با ضریب مسیر 774/0 بر انسجام و ثبات سازمانی تأثیرگذار است. از دیگر نتایج این پژوهش می‌توان به تأثیر انسجام و ثبات سازمانی با ضریب مسیر 797/0 بر تسهیل ارتباطات و تأثیر تسهیل ارتباطات بر کیفیت محصولات و خدمات با ضریب مسیر 804/0 اشاره کرد.

نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در رفع چالش‌ها در زنجیره تأمین پالایشگاه اصفهان دارد. همچنین بر اساس مدل مفهومی ارائه شده از رویکرد مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری، حمایت دولت و دانش و تجربه بازنشستگان به عنوان عوامل کلیدی در بازگشت دانش بازنشستگان در زنجیره تأمین پالایشگاه اصفهان شناسایی شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of retirees' knowledge return in the supply chain of Isfahan Refinery with a combined approach of interpretive structural modeling and structural equation modeling

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehran Ziaeian 1
  • Somayeh Ahmadzadeh 2
  • Abdolrasoul Yazdi 3
1 Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Innovation, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Innovation, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Innovation, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: Despite the importance of retirees' knowledge in resolving various complexities and challenges in the refinery supply chain, including risks arising from oil price and market fluctuations, lack of cooperation and coordination among supply chain members, oil challenges such as leaks and fires, etc., in recent years, a significant amount of knowledge has been lost with the retirement of employees. The purpose of this study is to analyze the return of retirees' knowledge in the Isfahan Refinery supply chain.
Design/methodology/approach: The present study is applied in terms of its purpose, descriptive-causal in terms of its nature and method, and a cross-sectional survey-type non-experimental study in terms of data collection. Initially, 12 factors affecting the return of retirees' knowledge were identified based on a literature review and research background and were approved by academic and industrial experts (Isfahan Refinery). In order to present the conceptual model of the research, the interpretive structural modeling approach was used. In this section, a paired comparison questionnaire was designed among the factors affecting the return of retirees' knowledge in the Isfahan Refinery supply chain. Then, using the judgmental sampling method and opinion polls from 15 academic and industrial experts, the relationship between the factors affecting the return of knowledge of retirees was identified and a conceptual model was presented. In order to confirm or reject the conceptual model, the structural equation modeling approach and Smart PLS3 software were used. Using the convenience sampling method, 300 questionnaires were distributed among the employees and managers of Isfahan Refinery, of which 243 questionnaires were returned. The validity of the research questionnaire was confirmed using convergent validity (factor loading coefficients and AVE criterion) and divergent validity (Fornell-Larker table). Also, the reliability of the research questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability criteria.
Findings: The results of this study showed that government support with a path coefficient of 0.495 and knowledge and experience of retirees with a path coefficient of 0.416 have an effect on top management support, top management support with a path coefficient of 0.789 on financial incentives, and with a path coefficient of 0.854 on non-financial incentives. In addition, the results of the study showed that financial incentives with a path coefficient of 0.383 and non-financial incentives with a path coefficient of 0.522 have an effect on the culture of maintaining and promoting organizational knowledge, the culture of maintaining and promoting organizational knowledge with a path coefficient of 0.817 on the use of advanced technologies, the use of advanced technologies on the desirability of working environment with a path coefficient of 0.787, the desirability of the work environment with a path coefficient of 0.805 on employee participation and collaboration, and employee participation and collaboration with a path coefficient of 0.774 on organizational coherence and stability. Other results of this study include the effect of organizational cohesion and stability with a path coefficient of 0.797 on facilitating communication and the effect of communication facilitation on the quality of products and services with a path coefficient of 0.804. In addition, the results of the study showed that the return of knowledge of retirees plays a decisive role in resolving challenges in the supply chain of Isfahan Refinery. In addition, based on the conceptual model presented from the interpretive decision-making modeling approach, government support and the knowledge and experience of retirees have been identified as key factors in the return of knowledge of retirees in the supply chain of Isfahan Refinery.
Research limitations/implications: The present study, like many studies, has limitations in the field of conducting research processes. Among these limitations, we can mention the lack of examination of different cycles between stimuli, which has always existed as a structural limitation in the structural equation technique, and it is suggested that in future research, the return paths between the relationships formed in this study be examined. Also, considering the use of a questionnaire as a data collection tool and its distribution among Isfahan Refinery employees and managers and academic experts, their mindset and attitude in completing the questionnaire may have affected the results of the present study. In addition, the present study was related to the Isfahan Refinery supply chain, and its results should be generalized with caution to other similar organizations and industries.
Practical implications: This research has various implications for the refinery supply chain. Using retirees' knowledge can reduce various problems in the refinery supply chain, including oil field exploration, oil price fluctuations, lack of coordination and cooperation between supply chain members, high repair and maintenance costs, transportation costs, etc. In addition, the results shown in this research based on the use of retirees' knowledge in solving various supply chain problems and challenges can encourage other industries to use their retirees' knowledge. Also, the return of retirees’ knowledge can lead to improved crisis management and reduced risks in the supply chain, as these individuals usually have experience in critical situations and can help design and implement successful strategies. This process can lead to increased productivity and reduced costs in the supply chain, which is of particular importance for the refinery’s competitiveness. Furthermore, fostering collaboration between active employees and retirees can promote a culture of continuous learning and knowledge sharing that is critical to adapting to industry change. This engagement not only helps to facilitate the onboarding process for new employees, but also helps to preserve organizational knowledge that might otherwise be lost. Involving retirees in advisory roles can also help to strengthen organizational resilience, as their guidance can be invaluable during times of crisis or transition. Ultimately, these outcomes lead to increased productivity, reduced operating costs, and improved competitiveness, better positioning the refinery for sustained success in a dynamic marketplace.
Originality/value: Using the experiences and knowledge of retirees in the Isfahan Refinery supply chain can bring various benefits such as reducing costs and time wasted due to trial and error, reducing rework, improving performance, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to identify key factors in the return of retirees' knowledge, given the large amount of knowledge that is lost when people retire from the Isfahan Refinery.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Retired knowledge return
  • Knowledge
  • Supply Chain
  • Knowledge Management

Copyright ©, Mehran Ziaeian, Somayeh Ahmadzadeh, Abdolrasoul Yazdi

License

Published by Imam Hossein University. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode

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مدیریت راهبردی دانش سازمانی
دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 28
شماره پیاپی28، فصلنامه بهار
فروردین 1404
صفحه 98-120

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