ارائه چارچوب کارکردهای دانشی و بازیگران نظام ملّی نوآوری؛ ترکیب نظام‌مند تحقیقات

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، مدیریت سیستم‌ها، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران ، دانشکده فارابی، قم، ایران.

2 دانشیار، بخش مدیریت صنعتی و فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده فارابی، قم، ایران.

3 نویسنده مسئول: استادیار بخش مدیریت صنعتی و فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده فارابی، قم، ایران.

4 دانشیار بخش مدیریت صنعتی و فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده فارابی، قم، ایران.

چکیده

مفهوم نظام ملی نوآوری در طول سه دهه گذشته، توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. نظریه‌های مدرن، نظام ملی نوآوری را مجموعه‌ای از سازمان‌ها و نهادها توصیف می‌کنند که در فرآیند تولید، توزیع و استفاده از دانش و فناوری‌ها با هدف تحقق اهداف راهبردی نظیر توسعه پایدار سیستم اقتصادی و کمک به افزایش رقابت‌پذیری، در تعامل هستند. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه چارچوب نظام ملی نوآوری بر اساس کارکردهای دانشی و نقش دانشی بازیگران این نظام می‌باشد و برای دست‌یابی به این چارچوب از رویکرد ترکیب نظام‌مند تحقیقات استفاده شده است. بر این اساس با مطالعه و بررسی عمیق 180 منبع مطالعاتی در قالب مقاله، کتاب، گزارش‌ها و سایر مستندات، شش کارکرد دانشی اصلی شامل "خلق، کسب، انتشار، توسعه، بهره‌برداری و تجاری‌سازی دانش" و چهار کارکرد حمایتی شامل "حمایت و بسترسازی، تأمین مالی، واسطه‌گری و سیاست‌گذاری و تنظیم‌گری"  و هفت بازیگر اصلی "دولت، سازمان‌های تحقیقاتی، نهاد مالی - مؤسسات مالی، دانشگاه و مراکز آموزش عالی، صنعت، واسطه‌ها، جامعه و حامیان و توانمندسازها" تعریف گردید. بر اساس کارکردهای اصلی و حمایتی، نقش‌های مرتبط استخراج و بازیگران بر اساس نقش‌ها، دسته‌بندی شدند. نتیجه نهایی پژوهش، چارچوب نظام ملی نوآوری با تمرکز بر کارکردهای دانشی و دسته‌بندی جدیدی از بازیگران شناسایی‌شده در 5 لایه مرتبط، شامل کارکرد دانشی اصلی به‌عنوان درونی‌ترین و مرکزی‌ترین لایه، لایه‌های کارکردهای دانشی حمایتی، نقش‌های دانشی و بازیگران به‌عنوان لایه‌های بعدی و در نهایت زیر نظام‌های نظام ملی نوآوری بر اساس چرخه هلیکس و به‌عنوان بیرونی‌ترین لایه، را ارائه می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

providing the framework of knowledge functions and actors of the national innovation system; Systematic synthesis of research

نویسندگان [English]

  • Payam Haghighi Boroujeni 1
  • Tooraj Karimi 2
  • Mostafa Safdari Ranjbar 3
  • Seyed Mohammadbagher Jafari 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Systems Management, Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran. P.haghighi@ut.ac.ir
2 Associate Professor, Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran. tkarimi@ut.ac.ir
3 Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran. mostafa.safdary@ut.ac.ir
4 Associate Professor, Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran. sm.jafari@ut.ac.ir
چکیده [English]

The concept of national innovation system has attracted a lot of attention during the last three decades. Modern theories describe the national innovation system as a set of organizations and institutions in the process of creating, distributing, and using knowledge and technologies with the aim of achieving strategic goals such as the sustainable development of the economic system and helping to increase the competitiveness of its subjects including governments at the international level interact. The purpose of the current research is to present the framework of the national innovation system based on the knowledge functions and the knowledge role of the actors of this system and to achieve this framework, the approach of systematic research synthesis has been used. Based on this, by studying and examining in depth 180 study sources in the form of articles, books, reports and other documents, six main knowledge functions including "creation, acquisition, dissemination, development, exploitation, and commercialization of knowledge" and four support functions including "support and foundation, financing", mediation and policy-making and regulation" and seven main actors "government, research organizations, financial institution - financial institutions, universities, and higher education centers, industry, intermediaries, society and supporters, and enablers" were defined. Based on main and supporting functions, related roles were extracted and actors were categorized based on roles. The final result of the research is the framework of the national innovation system with a focus on knowledge functions and a new category of actors identified in 5 related layers, including the main knowledge function as the most central layer, layers of supporting knowledge functions, knowledge roles and actors as the next layers and Finally, it presents the classification of the subsystems of the national innovation system based on the helix cycle and as the outermost layer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • National innovation system
  • knowledge functions
  • players
  • systematic research synthesis

Smiley face

Abdi, Mansoureh, Alireza Hasanzadeh, Ali-Asghar Fani & Seyed Hassan Ghodsi Poor (2014). Exploring the bottleneck of Iran's national innovation system by TOC thinking process, Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 20:4, 601-623
Andersson, J., Gunsenheimer, U., & Peťková, L. (2018). Report on the Mapping of the Innovation Ecosystem of ESS. European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020, under grant agreement 676548 1–24.
Azimi N A, Samandar Ali Eshtehardi M, Fakhremoosavi E. The Efficiency of the National Innovation System of Iran and Selected Countries. QJER 2021; 21 (2) :117-149. [In Persian]
Babaee farsani, M., & Rahimpour, M. (2020). The Study of in Pact the Effects of Open Innovation Process on Knowledge Management by Considering Internal and External Processes (Case Study: Distric Two of Isfahan Gas Transmission Operation). Scientific Journal of Strategic Management of Organizational Knowledge, 2(4), 181-215. [In Persian]
Bacon,Emily, Michael. D. WilliamsGareth H. Davies. (2019). Recipes for success: Conditions for knowledge transfer across open innovation ecosystems. Int. J. Inf. Manag. 49: 377-387 
Carayannis EG, Campbell DFJ .(2014). Developed Democracies Versus Emerging Autocracies: Arts, Democracy, And Innovation In Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems. J Innov Entrep 2014; 3 (Article number:12): 1-23.
Champika Liyanage.(2015). ESTABLISHING A CONNECTION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AND INNOVATION DIFFUSION, School of Built and Natural Enviornment, University of Central Lancashire
Chander Velu. (2015). Knowledge management capabilities of lead firms in innovation ecosystems. AMS Review, 5(3-4), 123–141
Chu, Mei-Tai , Rezaeian Fardoei, Sedigheh. (2014). Knowledge Communication Indicators from Knowledge Management to National Innovation System. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.          2014-06
Costa, V., Monteiro, S., & Costa, V. (2016). Key knowledge management processes for innovation : a systematic literature review. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, Vol. 46 Iss 3
Cristina C. Amitrano (2017), Knowledge Sharing in Innovation Ecosystems: A Focus on Functional Food Industry. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management.
Design, E. (2019). The relationship between knowledge mapping and the open innovation process : the case of education system.
Dini Turkmani, Ali, Haji Hosseini, Hojatullah, Miremadi, Tahira, and Ramzan Pournergsi, Qasim. (2018). Governance, national innovation system and absorption capacity, compatibility and technological innovation (theoretical modeling). Economic Modelling, 13(3 (serial 47)), 1-33 . [In Persian]
Edler Jakob, Yeow Jillian. (2016). Connecting demand and supply: The role of intermediation in public procurement of innovation,Research Policy,Volume 45, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 414-426,
Eggink, M. (2013). The Components of an Innovation System: A Conceptual Innovation System Framework. Journal of Innovation and Business Best Practices, 2013, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5171/2013.768378
Fait, M.Magni, D.Perano, M.Farina Briamonte, M. and Sasso, P. (2022), "Grassroot processes of knowledge sharing to build social innovation capabilities", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-04-2022-0338
Faqihi Abolhasan, Salimi Saeed Baqer. (2009). The study of the sectoral innovation system with an emphasis on determining the relationships between institutions, knowledge collaborations and functions. Iranian Management Sciences Quarterly, fourth year, number 13, spring 2018, 1-24. [In Persian]
Fragkandreas, Thanos. (2021). Innovation-Productivity Paradox: Implications for Regional Policy. 10.13140/RG.2.2.27560.44800
Ghazanfari, R., & Aliahmadi, A. (2019). Innovation Systems in Iran : Challenges and Approaches. International Journal of Industrial Engineering & Supply Chain Managemen, 6(1), 1–23.
Ghazinoory, S., & Aliahmadi, A. (2014). MODELING NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM ENABLED BY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT. 15(5), 964–977. https://doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2013.764923
Haghighi Boroujeni, P., & Tavallaei, R. (2022). Interpretive structural modeling of organizational knowledge map development. Scientific Journal of Strategic Management of Organizational Knowledge5(4), 45-11. [In Persian]
Hassani, S. H., Rafiei, S. H., & Bakhshiani, A. (2016). Investigating the Role of Research and Technology Organizations in National Innovation System; Case Study of Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 9(4), 63-76. [In Persian]
Henri Tapio Inkinen (2015) Knowledge management practices and innovation performance in Finland.
Kang, D., Jang, W., Kim, Y., & Jeon, J. (2019). Comparing national innovation system among the USA, Japan, and Finland to improve Korean deliberation organization for national science and technology policy. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc5040082
Karimloo, Reza, Zakari, Amir (2019). Analysing the Interactions Between Key Stakeholders in a Regional Innovation System (Case Study: Rab-e- Rashidi Special Region of Science and Technology). Management Improvement Journal, Volume 14, Number 4 (50 consecutive), Winter 1. [In Persian]
Kayal, A. A. (2016). National innovation systems a proposed framework for developing countries. June 2008. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEIM.2008.018615
Karasev, O., Beloshitsky, A. v., Trostyansky, S. S., & Krivtsova, A. O. (2018). National innovation systems: A case study of the leading developing countries. European Research Studies Journal, 21(2), 713–723.
Khalil Nezhad S, Nekooeezade M, Golmohammadi E. (2017) The relationship between knowledge management and innovativeness with regard to the moderating role of strategic orientation in. ORMR 2017; 7 (2) :39-59. [In Persian]
Liu, T. H. (2019). The philosophical views of national innovation system: The LED industry in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Management Review, 24(4), 291–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2018.10.003
Makkonen, T. (2019). Advanced Introduction to Regional Innovation Systems. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 73(5), 318–319.
Maqsood T(2006) The Role of Knowledge Management in Supporting Innovation and Learning in Construction, School of Business Information Technology, RMIT University
Marco Paukert1. (2011 (Knowledge in the Innovation Process: An Empirical Study for Validating the Innovation Knowledge Life Cycle, Fraunhofer Institut für Integrierte Publikations- und Informationssysteme (IPSI)
Mahmoud Watad, (2016), The organizational dynamics of knowledge and IT-enabled innovations, Journal of Technology Research.
Marianne Gloet and Danny Samson, (2016) Knowledge and Innovation Management: Developing Dynamic Capabilities to Capture Value From Innovation, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
Maria Eggink .(2013). The Components of an Innovation System: A Conceptual Innovation System Framework, Journal of Innovation and Business Best Practices, Vol. 2013 (2013), Article ID 768378, DOI: 10.5171/2013. 768378
Manninger, (2012) Knowledge-Based Innovation Management, Institute of Production Science and Management. )Graz University of Technology(
Mei-Tai Chu, Sedigheh Rezaeian Fardoei, Hasan Fallah, Sepehr Ghazinoory & Alireza Aliahmadi (2014) . Modeling national innovation system enabled by knowledge management, Journal of Business Economics and Management, 15:5, 964-977 Mehdi Elyasi , Farkhondeh Malekifar, (2019). STI Policies to Augment Innovation Ecosystems, Journal of Science & Technology Policy, 12(2), 209-220. magiran.com/p2073577.  [In Persian]
Mesbahi Jahormi, Negar Sadat, Adibzadeh, Marzieh (2014). Impact of Knowledge Management System on Organizational Innovation : Investigating the Role of Organizational Learning. Scientific studies, second year, number 5. [In Persian]
Miremadi, S. I. (2019). National Innovation System and Its Role in Improving Science, Technology and Innovation Policies. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 12(2), 135-154. [In Persian]
Mohammadi Mahdi, Yazdani, Hamidreza and Ojaghi Hamed (2018). Identification of the main actors and key roles of the startups innovation ecosystem: A Case Study in Hamedan Province. Scientific Journal of Innovation Management, Year 8, Number 1, Spring 2018, Page 56-2. [In Persian]
Mohammadi Ali, Sotoudeh Firouzeh (2013). A Comparison of National Innovation Systems’ Efficiency in Iran and Countries Mentioned in 20-Year Perspective Document. Strategic management studies. Fifth year, winter 2013, number 20. 38-49. [In Persian]
Moussavi A, Ahmadi H. (2020). Extracting the Main Features of Iran’s National Innovation System Through a Systematic Mix of Research (Persian). Journal Strategic Studies of Public Policy, 10(34), 102-127
Mousavi, Arash, Ahmadi, Hassan. (2019). Extracting the main features of Iran's national innovation system through the Systematic synthesis of research. Strategic Studies of Public Policy, 10(34), 102-127. [In Persian]
Nabipour I. The Fifth Generation University: Based on the Quintuple Helix of Carayannis and Campbell. Iran South Med J 2020; 23 (2) :165-194. [In Persian]
National Innovation Systems Book.  (1997). OECD
Niosi, j. saviotti , p.p. bellon, b.and crow, m. (1993). National systems of innovation:in search of a workable concept. Technology in society 15, 207_227.
Nowrozi, Chastity (2013). Clarifying the position of trans-sector mediating institutions in the national innovation system. Master's thesis. Allameh Tabatabai University, Iran. [In Persian]
Nunn, R. (2019). The innovation ecosystem and knowledge management: A practitioner’s viewpoint. Business Information Review, 36(2), 70–74
Paper, W., Diskurse, O., & Diskurse, O. (2012). www.econstor.eu.
Sinha, R. K. (2011). India’s National Innovation System: Roadmap to 2020. ASCI Journal of Management, 41(1), 65–74.
Prokopenko, O., Eremenko, Y., & Omelyanenko, V. (2014). Role of international factor in innovation ecosystem formation. Economic Annals-XXI, 3–4(2), 4–7.
Rezaiyan Fardoui Seddiqa (2013). Modeling the relationship between knowledge management functions and performance indicators of the national innovation system. Strategy Quarterly, twenty-third year, number 71. [In Persian]
Soltani, Behzad, Haji Hosseini, Hojatullah, Arasti, Mohammad Reza, Ghazinoori, Seyed Sepehr, Razavi, Mohammad Reza, Shafia, Mohammad Ali, Lagi, Manouchehr, Tabatbaian, Seyed Habibullah and Shawardi Marzieh. (2016). An overview of the challenges of Iran's national innovation system and presenting policies and solutions for improvement. Strategic studies of public policy. [In Persian]
Soltanzadeh, Javad, Heydari, Kavos, Dabaghi, Hamideh, Amin, Esmaili, Hamid and Reza Ansari (2015). Functional analysis of Iran's innovation system based on selected studies. Farda Management scientific research journal, 15th year, winter 1995. [In Persian]
Tabatabaei (2015) THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIZATION
Talmar, M., Walrave, B., Podoynitsyna, K. S., Holmström, J., & Romme, A. G. L. (2020). Mapping, analyzing and designing innovation ecosystems: The Ecosystem Pie Model. Long Range Planning, 53(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.09.002
Tavallaei, R., Haghighi Boroujeni, P., & khalili, H. (2021). An Investigation on the Effect of Knowledge Management on the Strategic and Operational Performance of Organizations Through the Application of Organizational Excellence Model (EFQM 2020). Scientific Journal of Strategic Management of Organizational Knowledge, 4(3), 141-174. [In Persian]