شناخت و فهم اینرسی نوآوری در شرکتهای دانش بنیان: تحلیل نقشه نگاشت فازی عوامل پیشایندی و پسایندی با FCM

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی با اصالت

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

3 نویسنده مسئول: دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

10.47176/smok.2023.1609

چکیده

در محیط متلاطم جهان امروز، اگر شرکت یا سازمانی قابلیت انطباق با تغییرات و تحولات جهانی را نداشته باشد، محکوم به سقوط و نابودی است. بنابراین شرکت ها و سازمان ها، اگر خواهان آن هستند که بقای آن ها تهدید نشود، باید خلاقیت و نوآوری را به عنوان کلیدواژه اصلی راهبردها، برنامه ها و سیاست های اصلی خود بپذیرند. از این رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناخت و فهم اینرسی نوآوری در شرکت‌های دانش بنیان انجام شد. این پژوهش بر پایه پژوهش آمیخته و به صورت کیفی و کمی است که از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از حیث ماهیت و روش، توصیفی پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش مدیران و اساتید شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان هستند که به عنوان خبرگان، نظرات آن ها در بخش کیفی و کمی پژوهش مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. اعضای نمونه آماری این پژوهش به وسیله روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب گردیدند. در بخش کیفی پژوهش ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته است که روایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از ضریب CVR و آزمون درون کدگذار و میان کدگذار تایید شد. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در بخش کمی نیز پرسشنامه است که روایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از روایی محتوا و آزمون مجدد تایید شد. در بخش کیفی، داده های کیفی بدست آمده از مصاحبه با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Atlas.ti و روش کدگذاری تحلیل شد و عوامل ایجاد کننده اینرسی نوآوری در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ایران شناسایی شدند. به علاوه در بخش کمی پژوهش، با استفاده از روش FCM عوامل ایجاد کننده و همچنین پیامدهای اینرسی نوآوری درشرکت‌های دانش-بنیان ایران اولویت یابی شده و مهمترین عوامل ایجاد کننده و پیامدهای اینرسی نوآوری در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان شناسایی شدند. نتایج پژوهش نشان دهنده آن است که حاکمیت فرهنگ تقلید به جای فرهنگ نوآوری، گرفتاری به سندروم آرتروز فکری، ترس و روحیه محافظه‌کارانه، انجماد فکری و استفاده از تجربیات قبلی در حل مسئله جدید، مهمترین عوامل ایجاد کننده اینرسی نوآوری هستند همچنین چهار عامل از جمله، کاهش کارایی و بهره‌وری، ضعف در یادگیری و حل مسئله، اخذ تصمیمات نامطلوب و مخاطره بقای سازمان و پدیدایی انسداد و بن‌بست استراتژیک پیامدهای بسیار مهم اینرسی نوآوری در شرکتهای دانش‌بنیان هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Recognizing and understanding the inertia of innovation in knowledge-based companies; Fuzzy mapping analysis of antecedent and posterior factors with FCM

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Sepahvand 1
  • Ali Shariatnejad 2
  • Shaghayegh Salehabadi 3
1 Professor, Department of Business Administration, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
2 lorestan university assistant professor, management faculty, khorramabad, iran.
3 Corresponding author: Ph.D. student of public administration, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In the turbulent environment of today's world, if a company or organization does not have the ability to adapt to global changes and developments, it is doomed to collapse and destruction. Therefore, companies and organizations, if they want their survival not to be threatened, should accept creativity and innovation as the main keywords of their main strategies, programs and policies. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of knowing and understanding the inertia of innovation in knowledge-based companies. This research is based on mixed research and is qualitative and quantitative, which is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of the research is managers and professors of knowledge-based companies, whose opinions are examined in the qualitative and quantitative part of the research as experts. The members of the statistical sample of this research were selected by purposive sampling method. In the qualitative part of the research, the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview, the validity and reliability of which was confirmed using the CVR coefficient and intra-coder and inter-coder tests. The tool for collecting information in the quantitative part is a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed using content validity and retesting. In the qualitative part, the qualitative data obtained from the interview were analyzed using Atlas.ti software and the coding method, and the factors causing innovation inertia in Iranian knowledge-based companies were identified. In addition, in the quantitative part of the research, using the FCM method, the factors that create and the consequences of innovation inertia in Iran's knowledge-based companies are prioritized, and the most important factors that create and the consequences of innovation inertia in knowledge-based companies are identified. The results of the research show that the rule of the imitation culture instead of the culture of innovation, suffering from intellectual arthritis syndrome, fear and conservative spirit, intellectual freezing and using previous experiences in solving new problems are the most important factors that cause the inertia of innovation, as well as four factors. Among other things, the reduction of efficiency and productivity, weakness in learning and problem solving, making unfavorable decisions and the risk of the organization's survival, and the phenomenon of strategic blockage and impasse are very important consequences of the inertia of innovation in knowledge-based companies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation
  • inertia
  • The inertia of innovation
  • Knowledge Based Companies

Smiley face

Abdul Majid, A., Abdullah, M. T., Yasir. M., Tabassum. N., (2011). Organizational inertia and change portfolio: An analysis of the organizational environment in developing countries. African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5(2), pp. 383-388. (In Persian)
Akbari, F., Mousavi, S., & Sepahvand, R,. (2015), Investigating the Effect of Competitive Intelligence on Innovation Dimensions Based on the Role of the Intermediary Variable of Marketing Effectiveness (Case Study: Public and Private Banking Employees in Khorramabad). Master's Thesis, Lorestan university, Management department, (In persian)
Albuquerquer Saliba de Oliveira, J, Fernando Cruz Basso, L, Kimura, H, Amorim Sobreiro, V, (2019), Innovation and financial perfor mance of companies doing business in Brazil, International Journal of Innovation Studies, vol 2. No 4, 1-12
Bashokuh Ajirgo, M., & Ghasemi Hamedani, I., (2022), Investigating the Effect of Knowledge Management on the Performance and loyalty of Employees with the Moderating Role of Innovation (Case Study: Employees of Tabriz Petrochemical Company), Scientific Journal Of Organizational knowledge Management, 5(4): 75-109.(In Persian)
Boyer Marcel, Robert Jacgues (2006) “Organizational inertia and dynamic incentives: journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 59(2): 324-348.
Casadesus-Masanell R, Ricart J. E. (2010), From strategy to business models & to tactics. Long Range Planning; 43: 195-215
Chen, C. J.; Huang, J. W.; Hsiao, Y. C. (2010), "Knowledge management and innovativeness, the role of organizational climate and structure", International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 31, No. 8, pp: 848-870.
Freeman, C., & Soete, L. (1997). The economics of industrial innovation. London: Pinter.
Doustar, M., Babazadeh, T., & Moradi, M., (2019), Investigating the impact of learning on innovation with the moderating role of organizational inertia,Quarterly Journal of Innovation and Creativity in Human Sciences. Vol, 9(2): 198-165.(In Persian) 
Ferreira, J, Teixeira, A.C. (2018), Open innovation and knowledge for fostering business ecosystems, Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 22(1), 321-348
Gosselink, F. (1996). Innovatie management, been beschouwing over innovatie slagkracht in bedrijven. Delft: Eburon.
Godkin, L. Allcorn, S. (2008) "Overcoming organizational inertia: A tripartite model for achieving strategic organizational change;Journal ofApplied Business and Economics, 8 (1): 82-95.
Gunday, G., Ulusoy, G., Kilic, K. & Alpkan, L. (2011), Effects ofinnovation types on firm performance, International Journal of Production Economics, 133(2), 662-676.
Hage, J.T, (1999), Organizational innovation and organizational change, Annual Review of Sociology, 25: 597-622
Heimonen, M, (2011), Organizational Inertia in a Strategic Public Sector Merger: Case Aalto
University, Aalto University publication series, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management.
Halim, S. (201 0) , "Statistical analysis on the intellectual capital statement", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp: 61 -73.
Hasoon Alkhafaji, A., Behboodi, O., & Moradi, M,. (2023). Investigating the effect of organizational knowledge sharing on innovation performance with the mediating role of innovation capability and moderating scale of networking and Connection strength (case study of small and medium enterprises in Iraq). Scientific Journal Of Organizational knowledge Management, 6(1): 11-47.(In Persian)
Huang, H.-C., Lai, M.-C., Lin, L.-H. and Chen, C.-T. (2013), "Overcoming organizational inertia to strengthen business model innovation: An open innovation perspective", Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 26 No. 6, pp. 977-1002.
Ho, Li-An., (2011). "Meditation, Learning, organizational innovation and performance", Industrial Management & Data systems, Vol, 111. NO. 1, pp:113-131.
Hallstrom, L, (2023), Innovation versus Inertia: Entrepreneurial Governments in Rural Alberta in the 21st Century, social science, 67 (1): 165-176
Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P., Sainio, L.M., and Jauhiainen, T. (2008) . Appropriability Regime for Radical and Incremental Innovations . R&D Management, 38( 3), 278-289.
Heidenreich, S., & Handrich, M. (2015). What about Passive Innovation Resistance? Investigating
Adoption Related Behavior from a Resistance Perspective. Journal of Product Innovation
Management, 32(6), 878-903.
Herman, I, (2015), Inertia and change related to sustainability – An institutional approach, journal of cleaner production, Vol 99: 354-365.
Herbig Hugh Kramer, P, A, (1993),"Innovation Inertia", Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, Vol. 8 Iss 3 pp. 44 – 57
Landau, J, (1993), organizational change and barriers to innovation, a case study in the italian public sector, Human relation, 46 (12), 1411-1429
Liao, S. H., Fei, W. C., & Liu, C. T. (2008). Relationships between knowledge inertia, organizational learning and organization innovation. Technovation, 28(4), 183-195.
Jiménez-Jiménez, D., & Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation, organizational learning, and performance. Journal of business research, 64(4), 408-417.
Khashei, V., Mohammadi Nasab, A., & Mehdizadeh, E. (2016). Exploring the effect of organizational stagnation on the performance of small and medium-sized companies, emphasizing the role of business model innovation and open innovation. Organizational Culture Management Quarterly, (4). PP. 1111-1136. (In Persian)
Kholoud, A, Kareem M, Selem, A,& Chai, C,. (2023), Leader vision, organizational inertia and service hotel employee creativity: Role of knowledge-donating, Current Psychology, 42 (1): 3382-3394
Mella, P, Colombo, M, C, (2014), Endogenous innovation.When inner organizational dynamics afford and constrain change, Procedia Economics and Finance 8, 1st International Conference 'Economic Scientific Research - Theoretical, Empirical and Practical Approaches', ESPERA 2013, pp 194-203
Mehrabi, J., Jadidi, M., Allameh, H.F., & Alemzadeh, M. (2013). "The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Learning (Boroojerd Telecommunication Company as Case Study)", International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social
Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp: 130-139. (In Persian)
Momeni Badele, K., Enayati, T., & Niyaz Azari, K,. (2019). Organizational inertia a barrier to effective evolution in the health system, vol, 9(1): 16-24.( In Persian)
Moradi, E., Jafari, M.B., Mohammadi Dorbash, Z., & Mirzayi, A., (2021). Impact of organizational inertia on business model innovation, open innovation and corporate performance. Asia Pacific Management Review, vol, 26(4): 171-179.( In Persian)
Mousavi. N, (2023), Analysis of the consequences knowledge inertia in knowledge-based companies, Information technology management, 11(2): 78-96
Naidoo, V. (2010). Firm survival through acrisis: The influence of market orientation, marketing innovation and business strategy, Industrial Marketing Management 39, 1311 –
1320.
Nagel, R, N. (2006), Organizational Behavior and Organizational Change Innovation, Agility, & Change Management, CSE & Enterprise Systems Center, Lehigh University. 
Nasrolah Zadeh, M,. Rajab Zadeh, H,. & Ghadak F. (2018), Investigating the success rate in the implementation of knowledge management as innovation. Scientific Journal Of Organizational knowledge Management, 1(2): 137-186.(In Persian)  
O’Keefe, Matthew and Wright, George (2009). Receptive organizational contexts and scenario planning interventions: A demonstration of inertia in the strategic decision making of a CEO despite strong pressure for a change; Futures.
Osterwalder, A, Pigneur, T, C, (2010), Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers, Amsterdam, Wiley.
Pieroni, M,  McAloone, T. C, Pigosso, D, (2019), Business model innovation for circular economy and sustainability: A review of approaches, Journal of Cleaner Production, 215 : 198-215
Rinta-Kahila, T., Penttinen, E., & Nevalainen, A. (2016, January). Unfolding the Types of Organizational Inertia in Information Systems Adoption. In 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) (pp. 3908-3917). IEEE
Sauker, Tim & Tshirky, Hugo (2006), " Structured creativity formulating an innovation strategy ", New York : palgrave MC Milan,pp.1-45
Scott-Kemmis, D. (2012), Responding To Change & Pursuing Growth: Exploring the potential of business model innovation in Australia. Report of a study supported by the Australian Business Foundation; 2012.
Self D.R. (2007) “Organiztional change overcoming resistance by creating readiness”; Development and Learning in Organiztions, 21(5):11-13.
Soumodip, S, Satishwar, K, (2023), Globally distributed talent communities: a typology of innovation problems and talent characteristics, international business review, 65 (1): 139-153
Steffi Haag (2014) “Organiztion inertia to firms’ IT adoption multidimensional scale development and validation”; Twentieth Americas Conference on Information Systms, Savannah.
Teece D. J. (2010), Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long Range Planning; 43: 172-194.
Shariat Nezhad, A,. Mousavi, S.N., & Jafari, M., (2022). The Effect of Creative Deviace on Innovation Inertia Considering the Mediating Role of Human Resources Intelligence. Journal of Productivity Management: vol 16(1): 109-134.(In Persian)  
Vilà, J. 1991, Positioning strategies and prospects for success of emerging hightechnology firms: The case of US Biotechnology, working Paper, 221: 1-22
Wang Catherine, L., Ahmed K. (2003). "Structure & structural dimensions for knowledge based organizations,measuring business. excellence" 7(1),51- 62.
Zhou, z, Ping, H, Nan, J, (2023), Coping with Knowledge Inertia for Improving R&D Team Creativity by Using Structural Equation Modeling and Hierarchical Multiple Regression, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 13(1): 1-13.